海上电泵结蜡井热循环洗井工艺参数优化设计

为探索海上油田电泵举升结蜡井热循环洗井工艺井筒温度场分布规律，综合考虑潜油电机增温、电缆散热、热流体注入量、注入深度、注入温度、结蜡管段传热和海水空气导热的影响，基于热能守恒原理，建立了电泵井结蜡热循环洗井工艺井筒温度场计算模型，分析了热流体注入温度和注入量对混合产出流体的井筒温度分布的影响。研究结果表明，随着注入量的增加混合产出液沿程井筒温度增加，随着注入温度的增加混合产出液沿程井筒温度增加。该方法可有效指导现场措施工艺的实施，达到延长结蜡井的清蜡周期、延缓产液/产油量下降速度的目的。     

基于DEA的环渤海能源利用效率研究

环渤海经济圈的迅速崛起,对国家经济发展发挥着巨大的推动作用.从能源视角,采用数据包络分析法对环渤海地区、长三角地区的上海市和浙江省、珠三角地区的广东省2000—2011年能源利用效率进行了测度.结果显示,环渤海地区的能源利用效率要低于长三角地区和珠三角地区.目前,环渤海地区四省两市一区的能源利用效率排名依次为:北京、天津、辽宁、内蒙古、山东、河北、山西.在此基础上提出了提高环渤海能源利用效率的对策.     

渤海辽东湾旅游资源整合开发研究

以渤海辽东湾为研究对象,探查梳理了旅游资源的空间分布;解析旅游资源结构和特点发现其各类国家级旅游资源在辽宁省内具有一定的比较优势,辽东湾两岸旅游资源虽特色互补但旅游发展却东强西弱;为改变辽东湾旅游发展问题提出旅游全方位开发策略,在巩固提升原有品牌旅游的基础上,借助无景点旅游发展盘活羡余旅游资源,基于非高铁出游进行圈层式整合开发,基于高铁出游进行点轴式旅游整合开发.     

Geochemistry of Clayey Aquitard Pore Water as Archive of Paleo-Environment,Western Bohai Bay

The record of paleo-environment in clayey aquitard pore water is much more effective relative to aquifer groundwater owing to the low permeability of clayey aquitard. Oxygen-18 (18O), deuterium (D), an...     

防城港湾夏季水质及表层沉积物重金属污染评价

【目的】调查及评价广西防城港湾的重金属污染现状。【方法】2013年8月从广西防城港湾采集33个站位海水样品和11个站位表层沉积物样品,测定海水和沉积物中重金属(铜、铅、锌、镉、汞、砷)含量,再采用单因子指数法和生态风险指数法对采集的海水和沉积物污染状况进行评价。【结果】该海域海水重金属污染程度由高到低分别是PbZnHgCuCdAs,其中,Pb的平均单项污染指数均大于1,超过国家一类海水水质标准;沉积物中重金属平均含量排序为ZnPbCuAsCdHg,均符合国家一类沉积物标准;沉积物重金属污染程度排序为AsPbCuZnHgCd,即污染程度均属于低污染;潜在危害的影响程度从大到小排序为HgAsCdPbCuZn,即潜在风险较低。【结论】夏季防城港湾海洋重金属环境质量状况良好。     

胶州湾海域生态问题及解决对策

分析2010~2014年胶州湾海洋环境监测及文献数据,发现胶州湾海水质量下降主要由陆源排污及突发污染事件引起;四类和劣四类水质主要集中在胶州湾底部;污染物化学需氧量与人均GDP呈一定的正相关关系。在此基础上,总结了胶州湾面临的主要生态问题:自然岸线消失、海域面积萎缩、湿地功能退化和生态灾害风险高,并提出胶州湾海湾生态文明建设的主要对策:立法保护、划定生态红线、实施严格的污染防治政策和海洋环境风险管理措施。     

中国主要滨海油田分布区的生态环境特征及保护对策——以环渤海油田区为例

环渤海地区是我国滨海油田的主要分布区,同时也是典型的生态脆弱区。多年来高强度的石油开采严重破坏了当地生态环境,油田企业虽采取了许多环境治理措施,但生态环境并未出现好转的趋势。本文概述了我国环渤海地区的生态环境特征和油田开发历史,分析了油田开发对生态环境的影响,阐述了油田现行污染物的治理措施,提出了滨海油田区环境的综合治理对策,以资借鉴。     

Three new species of free‐living marine nematodes from the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea,China

Three new species of marine nematodes belonging to the genera Paranticoma (family Anticomidae) and Parodontophora (family Axonolaimidae) are described from the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea. Paranticoma tricerviseta sp. nov. is similar to P. bandaenseMicoletzky and Kreis, in the spicules, but can be distinguished by the presence of a ventral projection on the spicules, three regularly arranged cervical setae in both the male and female, and two distinct ventral setae behind the anus. Parodontophora deltensis sp. nov. is close to P. paragranulifera (Timm, ) in the length of the amphids, with the ventral arm of the amphid extending past the base of the stoma, but can be separated by the ratio of dorsal arm length to ventral arm (0.36–0.55 versus 0.20–0.25) and the position of the excretory pore (at the middle level versus top level of the stoma), distinctive cervical setae arrangement and a longer renette cell. Parodontophora wuleidaowanensis sp. nov. is close to P. danker Belogurov and Kartavtseva, in the form of the amphids, but can be distinguished by the longer length of the ventral arm of the amphids and the distinctive arrangement of cervical setae.     

东海黄海渤海8个主要分潮的数值模拟

应用球面坐标系下ECOM数值模式,数值模拟了东海黄海渤海的8个主要分潮M₂、S₂、N₂、K₂、K₁、O₁、P₁和Q₁.采用高分辨率网格,计算区域包括东海黄海渤海、东海陆架坡和琉球以东西北太平洋,考虑实际水深和岸线.开边界条件由全球大洋潮汐模式计算的调和常数给出.较成功地模拟出了8个分潮的传播特征,再现了计算区域内半日分潮的5个无潮点和2个蜕化的半个无潮点、全日分潮的3个无潮点.与65个潮位站的观测资料比较,模式计算的M₂、S₂、K1和O₁分潮振幅和位相的均方差分别为7.85 cm和6.81°,5.04cm和8.14°,3.82cm和13.04°,4.34cm和9.33°.与17个潮位站的观测资料比较,N₂、K₂、P₁和Q₁分潮振幅和位相的均方差分别为3.64cm和7.89°,8.47cm和10.51°,1.76cm和7.56°,1.50cm和26.34°.模式模拟的结果可为河口海岸小区域模式提供较为可靠的外海开边界潮汐调和常数资料.     

Structural deformation and fault activity of the Tan-Lu Fault zone in the Bohai Sea since the late Pleistocene

The Tan-Lu Fault zone (TLFZ) is a significant fractural zone in eastern China and also a seismicity belt in North China. Based on total 4000-km-long shallow penetrated single seismic data with high-resolution, structural deformation and fault activity of the TLFZ in the Bohai Sea since the late Pleistocene are discussed in detail. The results show that the TLFZ with a discontinuous distribution and a general NNE-trending consists of 14 active subfaults with an NNE or NE strike in the Bohai Sea. Seismic data reveal that de-formation zones along the subfaults in the central Bohai Sea and the Laizhou Bay are wider and more complex than those in the Liaodong Gulf. Related folds and lots of secondary normal faults which are characterized by nearly vertical fault planes and a same or reverse dip construct the fractural zone in the Laizhou Bay and the central Bohai Sea. Usually, micro symmetrical grabens develop on the top of anticlines. In the Liaodong Gulf, subfault fractural zones usually consist of secondary normal faults with the same inclination or opposite inclination. Ages of seismic sequences and cutting relation between subfaults and seismic sequences suggest that the latest faulting age of the TLFZ is the end of the late Pleistocene in the Liaodong Gulf and the early Holocene in the Laizhou Bay and the central Bohai Sea. There is a good match between distribution of earthquakes and that of the subfaults in the Laizhou Bay and the central Bohai. Statistical result shows that total vertical offset of the TLFZ since the late Pleistocene ranges from 6 to 11 m. On the basis of offsets of the subfaults, the vertical slip rate is calculated and results show that average vertical slip rates in the central Bohai Sea are larger than those in the Liaodong Gulf and the Laizhou Bay. Slip rates more than 0.06 mm/a during 23–10 ka B.P. and 85–65 ka B.P. are larger than those in other stages. The TLFZ was mainly dominated by tensional normal component since the late Pleistocene. Synthesizing shallow deformation, activity and distribution of earthquakes, the TLFZ in the Bohai Sea can be divided into three segments: the Laizhou-Bay segment, the Bozhong segment, and the Liaodong-Gulf segment.